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QUESTION 10
Is it permissible to fast only twenty-eight days in Ramadaan?
It has been established in relatively widespread (mustafāḍāh) authentic narrations from the Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ) that no month can be less than twenty nine days.
If the month has been established through legislative means after twenty-eight days of fasting,
then it means that they missed the first fasting day of Ramadaan. Therefore, they have to make that day up.
It is impossible for there to be just twenty-eight days in a month. There are either 29 days or 30.
Shaykh al-Islām ibn Taymiyyah in his Fatāwā mentions that this situation occurred in the time of ‘Alī bin Abī Ṭālib (رضي الله عنه). People fasted twenty-eight days. ‘Alī ordered them to make up the day they missed to complete a twenty-nine day month.
(Majmũ’ al-Fatāwā: 25/154-155)
See 30 Questions and Answers on Fasting in Ramadaan by ‘Allāmah Abdul-‘Azīz Ibn Bāz, translated by ‘Abi ‘Abdir-Raḥmān Uways Onwordi at-Taweel
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